Feature selection convergence time comparison of various binary metaheuristic algorithms. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

Histograms of various water quality parameters, including pH, Hardness, Solids, Chloramines, Sulfate, Organic Carbon, Trihalomethanes, Turbidity, and a binary portability check. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

Confusion matrix for a binary outcome (adapted from Fawcett [30]). by João Albuquerque (12936572)

Statistical summary of all models. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

Classification performance of ML and DL models. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

Hyperparameters of the LSTM Model. by Ahmed M. Elshewey (21463867)

“…Out of all the models, LSTM produced the best results. The AD-PSO-Guided WOA algorithm was used to adjust the hyperparameters for the LSTM model. …”

Prediction results of individual models. by Ahmed M. Elshewey (21463867)

“…Out of all the models, LSTM produced the best results. The AD-PSO-Guided WOA algorithm was used to adjust the hyperparameters for the LSTM model. …”

Classification performance after optimization. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

ANOVA test for optimization results. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

Wilcoxon test results for optimization. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

Wilcoxon test results for feature selection. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

Feature selection metrics and their definitions. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

Feature selection results. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

ANOVA test for feature selection. by Amal H. Alharbi (21755906)

“…This study presents a novel hybrid metaheuristic framework that combines Dipper Throated Optimization (DTO), a bio-inspired algorithm modeled on bird foraging behavior, with Polar Rose Search (PRS) to enhance deep learning models in predictive water quality assessment. …”

The AD-PSO-Guided WOA LSTM framework. by Ahmed M. Elshewey (21463867)

“…Out of all the models, LSTM produced the best results. The AD-PSO-Guided WOA algorithm was used to adjust the hyperparameters for the LSTM model. …”

Classification baseline performance. by Doaa Sami Khafaga (21463870)

“…These findings highlight the potential of metaheuristic optimization techniques to improve the effectiveness of deep learning models in clinical diagnostics quantifiably. …”

Feature selection results. by Doaa Sami Khafaga (21463870)

“…These findings highlight the potential of metaheuristic optimization techniques to improve the effectiveness of deep learning models in clinical diagnostics quantifiably. …”

ANOVA test result. by Doaa Sami Khafaga (21463870)

“…These findings highlight the potential of metaheuristic optimization techniques to improve the effectiveness of deep learning models in clinical diagnostics quantifiably. …”

Summary of literature review. by Doaa Sami Khafaga (21463870)

“…These findings highlight the potential of metaheuristic optimization techniques to improve the effectiveness of deep learning models in clinical diagnostics quantifiably. …”

MCLP_quantum_annealer_V0.5 by Anonymous Anonymous (4854526)

“…<p dir="ltr">Geospatial optimization problems are fundamental research issues in geographic information science modeling, characterized by high dimensionality, dynamics, and discreteness. …”