One advantage of our algorithm is that it is not binary in nature. by Yong Kuk Kim (13955214)

Confusion matrix for a binary outcome (adapted from Fawcett [30]). by João Albuquerque (12936572)

The illustration depicts our CQ-CNN architecture for binary image classification. by Mominul Islam (3513758)

Effects of Class Imbalance and Data Scarcity on the Performance of Binary Classification Machine Learning Models Developed Based on ToxCast/Tox21 Assay Data by Changhun Kim (682542)

“…However, ToxCast assays differ in the amount of data and degree of class imbalance (CI). Therefore, the resampling algorithm employed should vary depending on the data distribution to achieve optimal classification performance. …”

<i>hi</i>PRS algorithm process flow. by Michela C. Massi (14599915)

“…<b>(B)</b> Focusing on the positive class only, the algorithm exploits FIM (<i>apriori</i> algorithm) to build a list of candidate interactions of any desired order, retaining those that have an empirical frequency above a given threshold <i>δ</i>. …”

Algoritmo de clasificación de expresiones de odio por tipos en español (Algorithm for classifying hate expressions by type in Spanish) by Daniel Pérez Palau (11097348)

“…</li></ul><p dir="ltr"><b>File Structure</b></p><p dir="ltr">The code generates and saves:</p><ul><li>Weights of the trained model (.h5)</li><li>Configured tokenizer</li><li>Training history in CSV</li><li>Requirements file</li></ul><p dir="ltr"><b>Important Notes</b></p><ul><li>The model excludes category 2 during training</li><li>Implements transfer learning from a pre-trained model for binary hate detection</li><li>Includes early stopping callbacks to prevent overfitting</li><li>Uses class weighting to handle category imbalances</li></ul><p dir="ltr">The process of creating this algorithm is explained in the technical report located at: Blanco-Valencia, X., De Gregorio-Vicente, O., Ruiz Iniesta, A., & Said-Hung, E. (2025). …”

Flowchart of the entire pipeline. by Andreas Denger (12111159)

Variable Selection with Multiply-Imputed Datasets: Choosing Between Stacked and Grouped Methods by Jiacong Du (12035845)

“…Building on existing work, we (i) derive and implement efficient cyclic coordinate descent and majorization-minimization optimization algorithms for continuous and binary outcome data, (ii) incorporate adaptive shrinkage penalties, (iii) compare these methods through simulation, and (iv) develop an R package <i>miselect</i>. …”

Predictive Analysis of Mushroom Toxicity Based Exclusively on Their Natural Habitat. by Enrico Bertozzi (22461709)

“…The single predictor variable was the mushroom habitat, a categorical feature that was preprocessed using the One-Hot Encoding technique, resulting in seven distinct binary variables. <br></p><p dir="ltr">The target variable was the class (edible/poisonous). …”

Data_Sheet_1_Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis and Biomarker Analysis Using Resting-State Functional MRI Functional Brain Network With Multi-Measures Features and Hippocampal Subfield... by Uttam Khatri (12689072)

“…Finally, we implemented and compared the different feature selection algorithms to integrate the structural features, brain networks, and voxel features to optimize the diagnostic identifications of AD using support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. …”

Machine Learning-Ready Dataset for Cytotoxicity Prediction of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Soham Savarkar (21811825)

“…</p><p dir="ltr">These biological metrics were used to define a binary toxicity label: entries were classified as toxic (1) or non-toxic (0) based on thresholds from standardized guidelines (e.g., ISO 10993-5:2009) and literature consensus. …”