SMOTE representation. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

Demonstration confusion matrix. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

Analysis PC2 AU-ROC curve. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

PROMISE defects prediction attribute aspects. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

Internal architecture of the SPAM-XAI model. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

SPAM-XAI compared with previous models. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

SPAM-XAI confusion matrix using PC2 dataset. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

Overview of SPAM-XAI model complete architecture. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

SPAM-XAI using the PC1 dataset. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

SPAM-XAI using the CM1 dataset. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

Analysis of CM1 ROC curve. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

SPAM-XAI confusion matrix using PC1 dataset. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

Analysis PC1 AU-ROC curve. by Mohd Mustaqeem (19106494)

“…We propose SPAM-XAI, a hybrid model integrating novel sampling, feature selection, and eXplainable-AI (XAI) algorithms to address these challenges. The SPAM-XAI model reduces features, optimizes the model, and reduces time and space complexity, enhancing its robustness. …”

Proposed method approach. by Muhammad Usman Tariq (11022141)

“…These models were calibrated and evaluated using a comprehensive dataset that includes confirmed case counts, demographic data, and relevant socioeconomic factors. To enhance the performance of these models, Bayesian optimization techniques were employed. …”

LSTM model performance. by Muhammad Usman Tariq (11022141)

“…These models were calibrated and evaluated using a comprehensive dataset that includes confirmed case counts, demographic data, and relevant socioeconomic factors. To enhance the performance of these models, Bayesian optimization techniques were employed. …”

Descriptive statistics. by Muhammad Usman Tariq (11022141)

“…These models were calibrated and evaluated using a comprehensive dataset that includes confirmed case counts, demographic data, and relevant socioeconomic factors. To enhance the performance of these models, Bayesian optimization techniques were employed. …”

CNN-LSTM Model performance. by Muhammad Usman Tariq (11022141)

“…These models were calibrated and evaluated using a comprehensive dataset that includes confirmed case counts, demographic data, and relevant socioeconomic factors. To enhance the performance of these models, Bayesian optimization techniques were employed. …”

MLP Model performance. by Muhammad Usman Tariq (11022141)

“…These models were calibrated and evaluated using a comprehensive dataset that includes confirmed case counts, demographic data, and relevant socioeconomic factors. To enhance the performance of these models, Bayesian optimization techniques were employed. …”

RNN Model performance. by Muhammad Usman Tariq (11022141)

“…These models were calibrated and evaluated using a comprehensive dataset that includes confirmed case counts, demographic data, and relevant socioeconomic factors. To enhance the performance of these models, Bayesian optimization techniques were employed. …”

CNN Model performance. by Muhammad Usman Tariq (11022141)

“…These models were calibrated and evaluated using a comprehensive dataset that includes confirmed case counts, demographic data, and relevant socioeconomic factors. To enhance the performance of these models, Bayesian optimization techniques were employed. …”