Methods used to extract shoreline changes. by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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Coastline variations in different years. Map data were generated with Natural Earth (http://www.naturalearthdata.com/). by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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Study area of the Caspian Sea. by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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Morlet wavelet power spectrum of the sea level. by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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(a) Change rates were calculated for each transect along the coastlines from 1985 to 2023; (b) Coastline change rates of the Caspian Sea based on the EPR and LRR. by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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Water surface transitions from 1984 to 2021. The map data were generated by the Global Surface Water Explorer (https://global-surface-water.appspot.com/faq). by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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The coastline changes of the Aral Sea from 1960 to 2023. Land cover data are from LANDSAT 8 ( by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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Coastal area changes during the period 1985–2023. by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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(a) Surface area and volume change with water level; (b) Topographic changes in the Caspian Sea. by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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(a) Coastline length changes in the Caspian Sea; (b) LSI changes between 1985 and 2023 (P1 = 1985–1990, P2 = 1990–1995, P3 = 1995–2000, P4 = 2000–2005, P5 = 2005–2010, P6 = 2010–20... by Zihao Duan (17403792)

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Comparison with Existing Studies. by Na Zhao (112953)

“…The results indicate that: (1) the presence of pores prolongs both the time to failure and the onset of the AE burst stage, with longer durations observed at higher pore dip angles; (2) AE signal amplitude and frequency vary significantly across different loading stages, and the b-value exhibits an “increase–fluctuation–decrease” trend, with the decreasing stage serving as a precursor to rock instability; (3) pore dip angle strongly influences crack propagation types: dip angles of 0°–30° favor axial cracks and through-going wing cracks, 45°–75° angles tend to induce co-planar and wing crack connectivity, while 90° angles cause crack deviation, hindering through-going failure; (4) intact rock fails in a tensile–shear mixed mode, whereas the number of shear cracks in rocks with pores initially increases and then decreases with dip angle, reaching a maximum at 45°, resulting in shear-dominated failure. …”

Specimen Preparation and Experimental Setup. by Na Zhao (112953)

“…The results indicate that: (1) the presence of pores prolongs both the time to failure and the onset of the AE burst stage, with longer durations observed at higher pore dip angles; (2) AE signal amplitude and frequency vary significantly across different loading stages, and the b-value exhibits an “increase–fluctuation–decrease” trend, with the decreasing stage serving as a precursor to rock instability; (3) pore dip angle strongly influences crack propagation types: dip angles of 0°–30° favor axial cracks and through-going wing cracks, 45°–75° angles tend to induce co-planar and wing crack connectivity, while 90° angles cause crack deviation, hindering through-going failure; (4) intact rock fails in a tensile–shear mixed mode, whereas the number of shear cracks in rocks with pores initially increases and then decreases with dip angle, reaching a maximum at 45°, resulting in shear-dominated failure. …”

UCS texts data. by Na Zhao (112953)

“…The results indicate that: (1) the presence of pores prolongs both the time to failure and the onset of the AE burst stage, with longer durations observed at higher pore dip angles; (2) AE signal amplitude and frequency vary significantly across different loading stages, and the b-value exhibits an “increase–fluctuation–decrease” trend, with the decreasing stage serving as a precursor to rock instability; (3) pore dip angle strongly influences crack propagation types: dip angles of 0°–30° favor axial cracks and through-going wing cracks, 45°–75° angles tend to induce co-planar and wing crack connectivity, while 90° angles cause crack deviation, hindering through-going failure; (4) intact rock fails in a tensile–shear mixed mode, whereas the number of shear cracks in rocks with pores initially increases and then decreases with dip angle, reaching a maximum at 45°, resulting in shear-dominated failure. …”

Dynamic characteristics of (A) FIB and (B) PCT between the survival and deceased groups of SFTS patients with HLH. by Bo Zhang (6559)

Relevant parameters fitted by Pei model. by YongHe Liu (20477123)

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Performance index of fly ash. by YongHe Liu (20477123)

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Total energy and elastic strain energy under different conditions. by Yongsheng Liu (142720)

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Variation of T₂ spectrum of 0.38 water–binder ratio of concrete during F–T process under −3 °C curing conditions: (a) Air content = 1.5%; (b) Air content = 3.6%; (c) Air... by YongHe Liu (20477123)

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Relationship curves fitted by Pei model: (a) standard curing; (b) 5 °C curing; (c) −3 °C. by YongHe Liu (20477123)

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Mass loss rate of marble under different chemical environments and dry-wet cycle conditions. by Yongsheng Liu (142720)

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