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sources decrease » resources increase (Expand Search), scores decreased (Expand Search), sizes decrease (Expand Search)
step decrease » sizes decrease (Expand Search), teer decrease (Expand Search)
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significant sources » significant source (Expand Search), significant burden (Expand Search), significant burdens (Expand Search)
sources decrease » resources increase (Expand Search), scores decreased (Expand Search), sizes decrease (Expand Search)
step decrease » sizes decrease (Expand Search), teer decrease (Expand Search)
we decrease » _ decrease (Expand Search), a decrease (Expand Search), nn decrease (Expand Search)
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Source data for Fig 2.
Published 2025“…Our <i>ex vivo</i> inhibition experiment revealed that L-kynurenine, a product of tryptophan metabolism, inhibits T-cell proliferation and induces T-cell apoptosis, further suppressing T-cell mediated responses against bacteria. Importantly, when we knocked out the <i>Ido1</i> gene or inhibited IDO1 expression using a specific inhibitor 1-MT in mice, we observed a significant enhancement in T-cell mediated responses against hv<i>Kp</i>. …”
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Source data for lung metabolomics.
Published 2025“…Our <i>ex vivo</i> inhibition experiment revealed that L-kynurenine, a product of tryptophan metabolism, inhibits T-cell proliferation and induces T-cell apoptosis, further suppressing T-cell mediated responses against bacteria. Importantly, when we knocked out the <i>Ido1</i> gene or inhibited IDO1 expression using a specific inhibitor 1-MT in mice, we observed a significant enhancement in T-cell mediated responses against hv<i>Kp</i>. …”
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Source data for Fig 5.
Published 2025“…Our <i>ex vivo</i> inhibition experiment revealed that L-kynurenine, a product of tryptophan metabolism, inhibits T-cell proliferation and induces T-cell apoptosis, further suppressing T-cell mediated responses against bacteria. Importantly, when we knocked out the <i>Ido1</i> gene or inhibited IDO1 expression using a specific inhibitor 1-MT in mice, we observed a significant enhancement in T-cell mediated responses against hv<i>Kp</i>. …”
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Source data for Fig 1.
Published 2025“…Our <i>ex vivo</i> inhibition experiment revealed that L-kynurenine, a product of tryptophan metabolism, inhibits T-cell proliferation and induces T-cell apoptosis, further suppressing T-cell mediated responses against bacteria. Importantly, when we knocked out the <i>Ido1</i> gene or inhibited IDO1 expression using a specific inhibitor 1-MT in mice, we observed a significant enhancement in T-cell mediated responses against hv<i>Kp</i>. …”
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Source data for Fig 3.
Published 2025“…Our <i>ex vivo</i> inhibition experiment revealed that L-kynurenine, a product of tryptophan metabolism, inhibits T-cell proliferation and induces T-cell apoptosis, further suppressing T-cell mediated responses against bacteria. Importantly, when we knocked out the <i>Ido1</i> gene or inhibited IDO1 expression using a specific inhibitor 1-MT in mice, we observed a significant enhancement in T-cell mediated responses against hv<i>Kp</i>. …”
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Source data for Fig 4.
Published 2025“…Our <i>ex vivo</i> inhibition experiment revealed that L-kynurenine, a product of tryptophan metabolism, inhibits T-cell proliferation and induces T-cell apoptosis, further suppressing T-cell mediated responses against bacteria. Importantly, when we knocked out the <i>Ido1</i> gene or inhibited IDO1 expression using a specific inhibitor 1-MT in mice, we observed a significant enhancement in T-cell mediated responses against hv<i>Kp</i>. …”
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Summary statistics of key variables.
Published 2024“…We propose that, while there are still agglomeration benefits, the development path followed by cities in developing countries also creates significant agglomeration costs and these act to limit innovation. …”
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Trends of incident opioid users, L-TOT users, and L-TOT discontinuers between 2009 and 2013.
Published 2025Subjects: