Placebo test. حسب Le Zhu (1771669)

Capabilities expansion scenarios considered. <i><i>g</i></i>_GDP and <i><i>g</i></i>_fHE refer to the growth rate of annual GDP (in constant 2015 US$) and growt... حسب Margherita Molaro (17803989)

Scaling of overall health burden with yearly expenditure growth. حسب Margherita Molaro (17803989)

Impact on different areas of health. حسب Margherita Molaro (17803989)

Evolution of health burden and life expectancy under different expenditure scenarios. حسب Margherita Molaro (17803989)

Change in rectal temperature following pre-medication, induction and inhalant anesthesia. حسب Jacob P. Rastas (20642173)

Ignition delay process shot by high-speed camera. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Data disclosure (Bai - manuscript). حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Experimental bench and corresponding facility. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Three classic combustion stages of the flame. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Flame binarization image processing flow. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Experimental condition of fixed oil drop volume. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Schematic diagram of experimental injector size. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Droplet boiling modes at different temperatures. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Risk Classification Diagram of Hot Surface. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Physical parameters of engine lubricating oil. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Variation of heat flow with wall temperature. حسب Lei Bai (631944)

"…This research provides theoretical support for vehicle fire risk assessment and prevention. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) As the temperature of the hot surface increases, the ignition delay time generally shows a decreasing trend, with 450°C being a critical turning point; (2) There is an overlap between ignition and non-ignition cases within a specific range, forming a possible ignition zone, and the <i>R</i>² values of the fitting equations for the upper and lower boundaries are both above 95%, indicating a good fit. (3) The fractal dimension can effectively quantify the geometric complexity of the flame’s outer contour, thereby characterizing the stability of the flame’s combustion. …"

Experimental flow chart. حسب Dong Feng (5375471)

"…It can be clearly seen that the intensity of clay minerals significantly increased in the weathered rock. whereas the proportion of quartz and feldspar decreases correspondingly. …"

Sampling location diagram. حسب Dong Feng (5375471)

"…It can be clearly seen that the intensity of clay minerals significantly increased in the weathered rock. whereas the proportion of quartz and feldspar decreases correspondingly. …"

Rock physical parameters of the samples. حسب Dong Feng (5375471)

"…It can be clearly seen that the intensity of clay minerals significantly increased in the weathered rock. whereas the proportion of quartz and feldspar decreases correspondingly. …"