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significantly increased » significant increase (Expand Search)
increased decrease » increased release (Expand Search), increased crash (Expand Search)
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significantly increased » significant increase (Expand Search)
increased decrease » increased release (Expand Search), increased crash (Expand Search)
point decrease » point increase (Expand Search)
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Top view of the experimental setup.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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62
Amplitude for A/L = 0.338.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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63
Parameters of energy harvesting.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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64
Graph for Max Amplitude/Length at G<sub>y</sub> = 0.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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65
Amplitude for A/L = 0.02.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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66
Graph for maximum Frequency at G<sub>y</sub> = 0.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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67
Graph for maximum Power at G<sub>y</sub> = 0.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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68
Amplitude for A/L = 0.03.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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69
Summary of experimentation results.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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70
Piezoelectric eel.
Published 2025“…The flapping frequency, amplitude, and optimal power of the rough cylinders were analyzed and compared with that of smooth cylinders experimentally, and the optimum point () in terms of power was attained. Increased surface roughness significantly reduced power output, flapping frequency, and amplitude. …”
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74
Difference in
Published 2025“…The cognitive test scores, increased by 2.0 and 3.4 points in the video-based VR and immersive VR groups, respectively; a significant difference was observed between both groups (p < 0.05). …”
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75
Experimental protocol.
Published 2025“…The cognitive test scores, increased by 2.0 and 3.4 points in the video-based VR and immersive VR groups, respectively; a significant difference was observed between both groups (p < 0.05). …”
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76
Relationship between the change in
Published 2025“…The cognitive test scores, increased by 2.0 and 3.4 points in the video-based VR and immersive VR groups, respectively; a significant difference was observed between both groups (p < 0.05). …”
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