Penalty conversions yield large practical decreases, but robustness and generalizability of result are limited by data quality and sample selection. by Ryan J. Treves (13527735)

Expression of lipid biosynthetic genes is decreased with polyamine depletion. by Yazmin E. Cruz-Pulido (20285238)

Lens profiles as Ez (orange lines) force was increased and Az and Pz (green lines) forces were decreased. by Ronald A. Schachar (16674576)

Data from: Colony losses of stingless bees increase in agricultural areas, but decrease in forested areas by Malena Sibaja Leyton (18400983)

“…</p><p><br></p><p dir="ltr">#METADATA</p><p dir="ltr">#'data.frame': 472 obs. of 28 variables:</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ ID: Factor variable; a unique identity for the response to the survey</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ Year: Factor variable; six factors available (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021) representing the year for the response to the survey</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ N_dead_annual: Numeric variable; representing the number of colonies annually lost</p><p dir="ltr">#$ N_alive_annual: Numeric variable; representing the number of colonies annually alive</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ N_dead_dry: Numeric variable; representing the number of colonies lost during the dry season</p><p dir="ltr">#$ N_alive_dry: Numeric variable; representing the number of colonies alive during the dry season</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ N_dead_rainy: Numeric variable; representing the number of colonies lost during the rainy season</p><p dir="ltr">#$ N_alive_rainy: Numeric variable; representing the number of colonies alive during the rainy season</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ Education: Factor variable; four factors are available ("Self-taught","Learned from another melip","Intro training","Formal tech training"), representing the training level in meliponiculture</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ Operation_Size: Numeric variable; representing the number of colonies managed by the participant (in n)</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ propAgri: Numeric variable; representing the percentage of agricultural area surrounding the meliponary (in %)</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ propForest: Numeric variable; representing the percentage of forested area surrounding the meliponary (in %)</p><p dir="ltr">#$ temp.avg_annual: Numeric variable; representing the average annual temperature (in ºC)</p><p dir="ltr">#$ precip_annual_sum: Numeric variable; representing the total accumulated precipitation (in mm)</p><p dir="ltr">#$ precip_Oct_March_sum: Numeric variable; representing the total accumulated precipitation between October to March (in mm)</p><p dir="ltr">#$ precip_Apri_Sept_sum: Numeric variable; representing the total accumulated precipitation between April to September (in mm)</p><p dir="ltr">#$ temp.avg_Oct_March: Numeric variable; representing the total accumulated precipitation between October to March (in ºC)</p><p dir="ltr">#$ temp.avg_Apri_Sept: Numeric variable; representing the total accumulated precipitation between April to September (in ºC)</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ Importance_dead: Factor variable; three factors are available Normal","High","Very high"), representing the perception of the significance of annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ Climatic_environmental: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered climatic and environmental problems as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ Contamination: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered contamination problems as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr"> #$ Nutritional: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered nutritional problems as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr">#$ Sanitary: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered sanitary problems as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr">#$ Queen: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered queen problems as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr">#$ Time: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered time problems as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr">#$ Economic: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered economic problems as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr">#$ Attacks: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered time attacks as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p dir="ltr">#$ Swarming: Binary variable; representing if the participant considered swarming problems as a potential driver (1) or not (0) of their annual colony losses</p><p><br></p>…”

LBM-based approach using synchronous transformation with a time step of 0.43s, PNGM-based method using asynchronous transformation with a 5s time step, VGA using explicit scheme wi... by Mouad Klai (20818364)

Overview of the six original ACTIV-3/TICO trials. by Elizabeth S. Munroe (21568166)

Effective contact rate over time for the different modelling scenarios considered: fixed, continuously increasing, continuously decreasing and with a step-decrease. by Joshua Looker (21390948)

“…<p>Effective contact rate over time for the different modelling scenarios considered: fixed, continuously increasing, continuously decreasing and with a step-decrease.</p>…”

Comparison of diffusion simulations: implicit scheme of the GDE with a 30-second time step (blue line), implicit scheme of the PNGM with α = 0.6 and a 15-second time step (green li... by Mouad Klai (20818364)

Disturbance of coherent behaviour leads to a decrease in information transfer. by Hannah Zoller (19688084)

Table 1_Effect of decreased suspended sediment content on chlorophyll-a in Dongting Lake, China.docx by Le Zhang (88249)

“…<p>Global damming of rivers strongly impacts the transport and characteristic of sediment, resulting in a significant reduction in the suspended sediment content (SSC) flowing into the downstream. …”

nsP4-C483Y or Q192L mutations decrease sensitivity to 4′-FlU. by Peiqi Yin (6533747)

The PRAME-AS knockout cells showed a decrease in migration, proliferation, stemness, and viability. by Zahra Hosseininia (22265113)

The reduced virulence of Δalta1 mutants is not primarily due to a decrease in growth. by Shuhuan Zhang (748003)

BST2 overexpression decreased RSV multiplication. by Katherine Marougka (13015146)

Tissue, days post-infection (dpi) and the top 10 most significant genes with increased and decreased expression with valid gene symbols for the response contrasts. by Gillian P. McHugo (8965919)

Decrease of cellular cAMP levels in response to a concentration range of melatonin treatments. by Cathryn S. D. Maienza (20629929)

ActAs and CoT prompt strategies do not result in decreased error rate for tasks with increasing complexity. by Jacqueline A. Jansen (14894276)

Self-correction prompt strategy results in decreased error rate for all tasks with increasing complexity. by Jacqueline A. Jansen (14894276)

fileCont prompt strategy results in decreased error rate for some tasks with increasing complexity. by Jacqueline A. Jansen (14894276)

Sleep deprivation increased inflammatory cytokines and decreased corticosterone in the blood. by Weiran Shan (16969688)