F10 function and convergence curve graph. by Jiangli Yu (4601986)

F9 function and convergence curve graph. by Jiangli Yu (4601986)

F2 function and convergence curve graph. by Jiangli Yu (4601986)

F8 function and convergence curve graph. by Jiangli Yu (4601986)

F3 function and convergence curve graph. by Jiangli Yu (4601986)

Classical benchmark functions [39]. by Junhao Wei (6816803)

“…<div><p>Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is a biologically inspired metaheuristic algorithm with a simple structure and ease of implementation. …”

Iteration curves of different algorithms. by Tengfei Ma (597633)

“…The optimal individual’s position is updated by randomly selecting from these factors, enhancing the algorithm’s ability to attain the global optimum and increasing its overall robustness. …”

Flowchart of OP-ZOA algorithm. by Tengfei Ma (597633)

“…The optimal individual’s position is updated by randomly selecting from these factors, enhancing the algorithm’s ability to attain the global optimum and increasing its overall robustness. …”

Speech spectrogram extracted from speech signal processed by short time Fourier transform method. by Li Jiashen (20552690)

Summary of the contrasts obtained from the normalized images for both inclusions as a function of the host type and the wavelength. by María Victoria Waks-Serra (21578611)

The values of operation and protection indices obtained from optimization. by Mohammad Hassan Tanha (19832141)

Matlab code of a function used in S2 File. by Hiroko Kato Solvang (5718250)

Sensor value scenario for fuzzy logic algorithm. by Gourab Saha (8987405)

“…Multi-spectral band images from Landsat-8 satellite images of a chosen land are employed from USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center for extracting indices that are used for agricultural analysis, determining the vegetation index, water index, and salinity index of that land using K-means. …”

Loss Function Comparison. by Hongwei Yue (574068)

Loss Function Comparison. by Hongwei Yue (574068)

Flowchart of improved FOX optimization algorithm. by Mahmood A. Jumaah (22272371)

“…To evaluate its performance, IFOX was tested on 20 classical benchmark functions, 61 benchmark test functions from the congress on evolutionary computation (CEC), and ten real-world problems. …”

Average depth of Lake Michigan-Huron from 1860-2014. by Jesse Wheeler (18462457)

Performance of ENQUIRE’s gene normalization algorithm. by Luca Musella (19986312)

Flowchart of the general algorithm for one trial. by Junying Wang (509009)

Truth table for self-dual function. by Sonal Arvind Barge (20454967)

“…These devices gather information from their environment and send it across a network. …”