A) Step responses from external joint torque to joint displacement (i.e., response in due to step in ), with equal time and joint-displacement ranges (on the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively) for all subplots. B) Same as A, but zoomed in, such that each subplot has its own distinct joint-displacement range (along the vertical axis).

مواد مشابهة

• A) Step responses from descending neural drive to joint displacement (i.e., response in due to step in ), with equal time and joint-displacement ranges (on the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively) for all subplots.
  حسب: Ian Syndergaard (21627500)
  منشور في: (2025)
• A) Step responses from external joint torque to muscle activity (i.e., response in due to step in ), with equal time and muscle-activity ranges (on the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively) for all subplots. B) Same as A, but zoomed in, such that each subplot has its own distinct muscle-activity displacement range (along the vertical axis).
  حسب: Ian Syndergaard (21627500)
  منشور في: (2025)
• The 7 main degrees of freedom of the upper limb from shoulder to wrist, with their abbreviations.
  حسب: Ian Syndergaard (21627500)
  منشور في: (2025)
• Locations and characteristics of poles associated with the open-loop system and a third-order Padé approximation of the closed-loop system. Summary statistics of the imaginary portion of poles were calculated using the absolute value of the imaginary portion. In calculating summary statistics of natural frequency and damping ratio, real poles were excluded.
  حسب: Ian Syndergaard (21627500)
  منشور في: (2025)
• Excess of Central Delay values (in milliseconds) reported in the literature. Cells are color-coded according to the sign of the feedback gain estimated above in Table 2). Blue and red represent positive (excitatory) and negative (inhibitory) feedback gains, respectively. By definition, there is no excess of central delay for homonymous reflex loops (depicted in gray). White cells do not have a corresponding entry in Table 4.
  حسب: Ian Syndergaard (21627500)
  منشور في: (2025)