Excited State Orbital Optimization via Minimizing the Square of the Gradient: General Approach and Application to Singly and Doubly Excited States via Density Functional Theory
We present a general approach to converge excited state solutions to <i>any</i> quantum chemistry orbital optimization process, without the risk of variational collapse. The resulting square gradient minimization (SGM) approach only requires analytic energy/Lagrangian orbital gradients a...
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2020
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