The white and black spruce composite chronologies of the scale and tree-ring records.

<p>The white (left column) and black (right column) spruce records comprise (A) the mean lepidopteran scale accumulation, (B) the mean ring-width index (RWI), and (C) the proportion of affected trees (percent affected). The white spruce composite incorporates data from three sites. The black s...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Marc-Antoine Leclerc (18145249) (author)
Other Authors:	Martin Simard (2904800) (author), Hubert Morin (3769396) (author)
Published:	2025
Subjects:	Cell Biology Molecular Biology Pharmacology Evolutionary Biology Ecology Science Policy Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified xlink "> applying white spruce produced important biotic disturbance growth suppression index disturbance regimes permits clearest outbreak record spruce budworm defoliation eastern spruce budworm proxy record ameliorating lepidopteran scale records comparing scale accumulations severe defoliation events millennial time scales scale accumulations proxy records millennial perspective chitinous scales independent proxy budworm impacts signal synchronicity ring widths nine sites lake sediments future warming determine whether correctly interpreting climate change calibrated using affected trees adult moths
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The white and black spruce composite chronologies of the scale and tree-ring records.

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